Competition vs. monopoly Essay Example for Free

Competition vs. monopoly Essay1. Analyze the fast food industry from the point of view of immaculate competition. Include the concepts of elasticity, emolument, costs, and trade structure to explain the tolls charged by fast food retailers. Firms within the fast food industry fall under the market structure of perfect competition. Market structure is a classification system for the key traits of a market. The characteristics of perfect competition include large number of buyers and sellers, easy entry to and make pass from the market, homogeneous products, and the firm is the price taker. Many fast food immunitys last all or most of these characteristics. Competition within the industry as surface as market supply and contain conditions dress up the price of products sold. For example, when Wendys introduced its $. 99 value menu, several separate companies implemented the same type of changes to their menu. The demand for items on Wendys value menu was so high because they were offering the same products as always, but at a discounted price. This change in market demand essentially forced Wendys competition to lower prices of items on their menu, in order to go for their share of the market.The previous example illustrates the elasticity of the fast food industry. Supply and demand set the equilibrium price for skinnys offered by licenses within the industry. Competitors of Wendys moldiness accept the prices established by the consumer demand for the value menu. If consumers didnt respond so positively to Wendys changes, other firms wouldnt have had to adjust prices. On the flip side of this concept, thither is no need for franchises to further reduce prices below the current levels. At the current prices, firms whitethorn sell as much product as they want, thereby maximizing profits.This industry has a very high utility value. Utility is a metre of satisfaction or pleasure that is obtained from consuming a good or service. If consumers feel as if they get a good meal, at a good price, then theyre satisfied. This customer satisfaction coupled with relatively low prices keeps the industry profitable. Another quality of perfect competition that may be overlooked, but is snappy to this industry is the ease of entry into the market. Start-up franchises within this market structure can begin operating with relatively low initial investments (compared to other industries).This is not the aspect where monopolies are concerned. There are numerous barriers to entry into monopolistic market structures, capital being one of the most prominent barriers. If a new franchise an offer the consumer a quality product at a reduced price, then the chances of success are greatly increased. For example, Chanellos and Little Caesars offer discounted pizza prices, and maintain the same quality as other pizza chains. These companies spend less on advertising and more on the actual product.Thats a very authoritative concept in this industry, because their quality product at this discounted price gives them a niche in the market. Once a company establishes a niche, they become more visible to the consumer, thereby creating more demand, which leads to greater revenue. 2. Analyze sports franchises from the point of view of a monopoly. Sports franchises fall within the market structure of monopolies. Most professional sports teams fit most or all of the characteristics of a monopoly. For each sport, there are a limited number of teams and new entries into the league are few and furthermost between.Also, there are many barriers to entry into the market, including large initial capital investment, dominance by one or few firms, and other legal issues that must be considered. An investor would initially need cash for payroll of players, payroll for management, advertising, playing facility, and many other miscellaneous costs. The new franchise owner would need to be very wealthy and have the backing of other wealthy individu als just to purchase the franchise. Once a franchise eventually enters the market, they have the ability to set the prices for that token market.Monopolies are price makers and the products offered are not sensitive to changes in the market. The demand curve of a monopoly is not elastic, as is such in a perfectly competitive market. The monopolistic demand curve is the same as the curve for the industry since there is only one firm within the industry. This allows the franchise owner to maximize profits by setting the price of tickets and concessions at an amount that creates the most revenue. Consumers will pay the price, if they want to attend a particular sporting event, no matter how outrageous the price.This price setting is allowable, because unlike perfect competition, there are no substitutes. Cities may have two or three teams of different types of sports (i. e. baseball, hockey, football), but few cities have more than one professional team of the same sport. Sports franc hises, although theyre monopolies are not all bad. These teams bring one thousand thousand and millions of dollars in revenue to the city in which theyre located. First of all, jobs are created in the construction of the sports facility. Then there is revenue to the city from taxes, consumer spending at hotels and restaurants, holidaymaker visits and numerous other avenues.Sports franchises are similar to the fast food industry in the respect that they also have a very high utility value. Fans are pleased when they witness a very competitive, hard fought sporting event, and they are willing to pay to do so. Just look at the price of Super Bowl or NBA finals tickets. Spectators pay hundreds and even thousands of dollars to witness these events year in and year out. As long as the teams are competitive and there are superstar players, consumers will continue to watch and attend events regardless of the price.

Article Analysis: Computerised Cognitive Behaviour Therapy

Article Analysis Computerised Cognitive Behaviour TherapyADEOLU AMOS ADEYEMO D240 EMA X246808XQUESTION (A) Summarise the inquiry article An exploration of the cure process term exploitation computerised cognitive behaviour therapy (D240, 2010 The Open University). (B) Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the approach to question contained in the article. (C) Conclude by discussing which understanding of the counselling relationship you feel some drawn to and why. Word Count. 2000.PART A SUMMARYThe purpose of this soft study on the use computerised cognitive behaviour therapy is to investigate the experience of knobs when use computerised cognitive behavioural therapy and also to identify if it has the comparable effect as it would in face to face cognitive-behaviour therapy v have that high value have been place on client-therapist relationships in success or failure of a therapy. The other purpose of the study is to explore the process by which clients atomic numb er 18 able to accommodate use of unsupported computerised Cognitive-Behavioural therapy self-help therapy to aide their recovery (Davd G. Purves Dutton, Janet, 2013). In order to carry come out this qualitative study, seven participants were recruited, six female and one male amongst ages 30 to 57 years on voluntary basis through newspaper advertisement those recruited have had mild depression with some self-help experience in the past. Those recruited were screened with the use of questionnaire to make sure they were appropriate for the research. For the purpose of this research Blues Begone Computerised Cognitive Behavioural therapy program which was pictureed as self-help to fight the symptoms of fear and fretfulness was utilize. Each participant was sent one in form of CD to be downloaded into their computers, each has thirty episodes. It offers assessment and personalised program of therapy as contained in CBT framework, with no interference from the researchers, though they were available for assistance ((Davd G. Purves Dutton, Janet, 2013). After completion of the programme, selective information were collected from the participant through semi- coordinate interview, the transcript of the interviews were analysed by the use of interpretative Phenomenological Analysis method. Inter-rater reliability was used to reduce any bias that may impact interpretation of the data the data was also checked by deuce autonomous raters but were familiar with conducting and analysing interview data ((Davd G. Purves Dutton, Janet, 2013).At the end of data abstract the research result shows four main atomic number 18as of interest were discover while carrying out the process of computerised Cognitive Behavioural Therapy activity.There was development of some reasonable relationship with self-help materials departd which was confirmed by five of the seven participants, the design of the program which cartoon provides warmth, humour and enthusiasm. It encourag es them to form relationship just as in real live therapeutic bond. However the computer was unable to provide immediate response to difficulty, and specificity as in clement encounter thitherfore the users were unable to address their problems at a deeper psychological level. Also five participants convey that they feel empowered because the program provided them information that altered their perspective on a specific issue, they were able to take information that are relevant they are to their situation and how that information can be used to address their situation without any assistance from a therapist. The third point raised was that the participants were stimulated with the guidance the program were presented in different colours, music, images and humorous cartoon, all these boost their engagement and helped some to think, this was seen as a form of interaction. The last finding was that the participants put in how the structured of the Blues Begone helped them to break down their issues and handle them in a convenient path thereby regaining both sense of direction and individual manage in the process ((Davd G. Purves Dutton, Janet, 2013).While the researcher was discussing the research it was suggested the environment created by therapist with warmth and empathy that enhance therapeutic change can be reborn into self-help media to the extent that the user became engaged in the self-help process and motivated to undertake the work of change. Even with the participants not being able to experience the reaction and insight of face-to-face rapport, it did not reduce the worth of the cCBT intervention. And what the cCBT experience lacked in depth was make up for in participants involved with different features of the program to experience changes in thinking and develop new explanations to their problems. It was also suggested that while cCBT has the prospective of stimulating and facilitating individual process, as the responsibility of the work of therapy lies with the client. It also confirms the idea that in self-help struggle the client is indeed the main cause of change. It also suggested that the implication for practice was talking therapy services are to offer self-help or guided self-help intervention before receiving face-to-face therapy.PART BDiscuss the strength and weakness of the approach to research (qualitative) contained in the article. soft research can be defined as organised study that involves gathering and evaluating non-numerical data (D240, 2010 p.309). It is about the study of people in specific circumstances and usually in their own normal environment, Qualitative research usually aim to give support to the development of understanding, by arriving at a report and or interpretation of specific aspect of human experience. Qualitative research is different from quantitative research quantitative research is mainly about gathering numerical ( poesy) data usually through questionnaires, surveys to g ive explanation to a specific phenomenon and in most cases it involves larger group hypothesis is usually given at the beginning of the research un like qualitative research (D240, 2010).There are different means of collecting qualitative data, among which are interviews, open-ended questionnaires, diaries and recordings made during counselling therapy sessions (D240, 2010 p. 309). The style of qualitative research used dictates the method that will be used to construct meanings, for instance there are different guidelines that can be used to analyse interview data which includes empirical phenomenology, grounded theory and interpretative phenomenological analysis. However another school of thought conceptualized that meaning is made up between people through their use of wording in view of this idea analysis of dialogue and everyday talk is taken as sources of meaning (D240, 2010 p. 309). In this type of qualitative research approach, there are different methods of analysing diff erent aspects of language. Discourse analysis, conversation analysis and narrative analysis. The discourse analysis for example focuses on how an individual position herself or himself indoors wide-ranging culturally based ways of talking while conversation analysis is on the way meaning is created in the spot by moment interaction between talkers. Narrative on the hand emphasises the stories someone tell about his or her lives as merry elements of meaning (D240, 2010 p. 310).However whatever way of conducting qualitative is chosen there are sets of standard procedures to follow. It starts with researcher identifying question or issue to explore this is followed with the creation of text which can be in for of diary, interview transcript or a recording session of a therapy to represent the phenomenon. The researcher will now have to deeply involve himself or herself for its meaning to come out, after which the act of interpretation will be transferred to appropriate audiences in a report format (D240, 2010 p.310).One of the strengths of qualitative research approach is in its ability to provide a thoughtful and description of peoples understandings of a phenomenon which cannot be understood in terms of numbers example can be taken from the article, most of the participants felt empowered during the course of cCBT program, this type of feeling cannot be quantified in numbers. Also qualitative research approaches permits some amount of flexibility in the conduct of a certain study which indicates that the researcher do not have to use a definite type of data collection method towards the investigating but can be flexible in using a variety of methods to collect data. it helps the investigation of complex or difficult topics if a bond of trust develops between the investigator and the participants and aided investigators to make connections between diverse facets of peoples life, like domestic issues, work and leisure. Another good thing about qualitative res earch approach is that as a researcher you have the efficiency to interact with participants in the language they understand and most importantly on their positions.After identifying the process involved in conducting qualitative research and how good it can be to unearth the hidden fact that quantitative research cannot give answer to, some weaknesses have also been noticed. One of these weaknesses is in the focused group which are always small which means the results are most likely to be valid for that specific focused group. In that wise generalisation cannot be made as will do with quantitative research results. Another point is because qualitative researches pay more attentions on depth, it may mean that collection and the analysis of data materials can take a long time, and if that is case the economic and human resources costs may be high. Also there could be dubiety in accuracy of the interpretation of the investigator the investigator/researcher as a human-being just like participants may have their own biases to consider when carrying out the research process. And again because qualitative research involves small group of participants, other academic researchers might not take the outcome of the research seriously.PART CCOUNSELLING RELATIONSHIP I FEEL DRAWN TO AND WHY. The relationship that develops between a client and therapist has been described as a very vital aspect of counselling process therefore sustaining a good therapeutic relationship is essential. A good therapeutic relationship between the counsellor and client across all therapeutic approach to counselling has been suggested to be one of the best factors that lead to successful therapeutic results (D240, 2010 p.259). The counselling relationship I feel drawn to is from therapeutic concretion perspective, it involves all essentials of the relationship needed with the bonding between therapist and client (D240, 2010 p. 261). I believed that collaboration between the client and the ther apist, with all-embracing focus on the clients and their essentials needs and set goals will help the clients to improve their coping strategies and be able to help themselves, while enabling positive therapeutic environment to help in exploring their past and present issues without passing judgement. Among the factors identified as necessary for development of therapeutic alliance is empathy it is defined as the capability of the counsellor to have thoughtful of the world of the client and be sensitive to their experience in a moment-by-moment manner (D240, 2010 p. 262). It was suggested that there is prove that empathy is effective in bringing about positive therapeutic change more than individual technique (Bohart, Elliott, Greenberg and Watson, 2002 cited in D240, 2010 p. 262). It is about going into clients world and sees things from their own perspective. Partnership between the client and therapist in some counselling approach start with shared goals and expectations that ar e deliberated and agreed upon for the therapeutic work they are working towards, recognition of tasks to be performed by each person can hold the relationship together. I believed that therapeutic alliance should start from the time sign contacts were made with the client by showing attributes of respect, candidness, understanding and it is stated in the client-therapist contract.The contract usually sets out boundaries, roles, responsibilities and expectations on both sides. Other characteristics of therapeutic alliance are active listening to clients and make them know that they are being heard and understood, therapist to be aware of verbal and non-verbal communication. I do believe in given objective feedback either positive or negative both are believed to be important in improving outcomes (D240, 2010 p. 264). Although at the same time I will be mindful of any negative feedback I give so that it will not create more problems for the client having realised that people process information in a different way. Also on my role, I prefer to work together with client on equal levels that is adult-adult/friend-friend type of relationship to deal with presenting issues (D240, 2010 p. 267).REFERENCEBarker, M. Vossler, A. and Langdridge, D. (2010) D240 Understanding counselling and psychotherapy, London, Sage for The Open University.David G. Purves and Dutton J, (2013) An exploration of the therapeutic process while using computerised cognitive behaviour therapy Linking research with practice, DOI 10.1080/14733145,2012.761259SELF-REFLECTION The area I found interesting is the counselling relationship, understanding it makes me confident on how to engage with clients The areas I found difficult was research summary and I struggled a bit with discussion on strength and weakness of qualitative research method.

Red Bull Company Description Commerce Essay

bolshy blur Company Description Commerce Es understandAn Austrian Company created reddened poop back in 1987. vehement mother fucker is an push jollify and is in like manner the macrocosms to a greater extent or less popular energy soak up, having sold 4.6 one million million lots in 2011. The drink was first sold in Thailand and then modified to suit the tastes of slew in the United States. A single can of rubicund fudge has the same amount of as a cup of coffee. Depending on the country, the level of caffeine in a can of chromatic Bill can vary, as some countries claim restrictions on how some(prenominal) caffeine is allowed in drinks. The result is marketed through advertising events much(prenominal) as sport team ownerships, celebrity endorsements, and music. Unfortunately, vehement fake is non market authorise in France, Denmark, and Norway. But inflamed son of a bitch is legal in 164 countries around the world. Due to the potential health risks asso ciated with the drink, ablaze(p) diddlysquat has been heavily criticized. We will get along cover in detail the health risks associated with the energy drink in the contents of our paper (redbull.com).Mission Statement consort to Red cook, Their mission is to be the premier marketer and supplier of Red Bull in Asia, Europe, and other parts of the globe. They will achieve this mission by building long-term relationships with the people who can make it draw a reality (redbull.com). The lodge also has a vision statement that foc mathematical functions on 5 aspects of their troupe values People, Portfolio, Partners, Profit, and Productivity. Red Bull wants to be a great place to work where people be inspired to be the best they can be. They want to bring to the world a portfolio of pure tone beverages that anticipate and satisfy peoples desires and needs. Red Bull wants to nurture a winning network of guests and suppliers together we create value. They want to maximize a long- term return to sh atomic number 18owners while being mindful of their overall responsibilities. Red Bull also wants to be a highly effective, lean, and fast-moving organization (redbull.com).Situation summaryIndustry AnalysisTrendsIn the drink market, energy drinks are arguably the high-velocity growing and most creative group. Since 2004, the mar has annually increased garishness growth by about 14 %. Geographically, the most consumers are in Asia, followed by North America and Western Europe. According to the 2010 Global Energy soak ups Report, Australia and Latin America are two regions that have recorded strong double-digit growth in energy drink volumes. Avail magnate is the key drive of gross revenue and energy shots are quickly becoming the next fab (rcciinsight.com).CompetitorsIn the energy drink market there are numerous companies and a select fewerer vying for Red Bulls top spot. Rockstar, Monster, 5-hour energy, full Throttle, NOS, Pepsi Co., and Coca-Cola Co. are the main competitors. Monster energy drink with the logo of three claws in the shape of a M is distributed by Hansen Natural Corporation in Corona, California. With a fairly tolerable taste, this drink sparks you up and packs quite a vicious punch. Rockstar was formulated in 2001 and is one of the fastest growing drinks in the market. This blur also has products that figure in the list of energy drinks with alcohol. Full Throttle is produced by the Coca-Cola Company and debuted in late 2004. They are well-known for their great flavors (buzzle.com).Consumer ProfileDemographic shifts, as well as changing consumer attitudes, will also have an impact on energy drink sales. Younger consumers have been the primary consumers due to their taste and image characteristics. From a consumption standpoint, energy drinks have benefited from their use as a mixer with spirits. However, promoting the use of an energy drink to fresher consumers or as a mixer has led to negative publicity for some energy drink brands. According to Mintel spark advance trends analyst Richard Cope, People are working longer into retirement and there is a greater need for products geared towards vitality and health in the sr. workforce. At the moment energy drinks are marketed towards the youth market, he said, but they will become more about getting people through the daytime at an older age (rcciinsight.com).TechnologyTechnology, or more specifically the internet, has created another(prenominal) link between Red Bull and consumers. When visiting their website, people are able to view various aspects of the company. There are links for products and company, videos, photos, music tracks, just epic, games, ted bulletin, redbull.tv, and red bull signature series. This technology does an excellent job of promoting the brand in some(prenominal) different ways (redbull.com).SWOT AnalysisStrengthsRed Bull has numerous strengths. The company was founded in 1984 and by 1987 it launched its first pro duct in a completely new category of drinks. Today Red Bull is sold in 164 countries around the world. Since its debut 25 yrs ago, Red Bull has sold 30 billion cans, with more than 4.5 billion stand year. Due to their victory both domestically and internationally, the company has expanded to over 8,000 employees worldwide (redbull.com).Their leaders within the energy drinks market is sub-none. They are by off the beaten track(predicate) the most popular company. Top-seller Red Bull posted $2.3 billion in sales, which is a 14.3 portion increase, according to Symphony IRI data (bev pains.com).According to Red Bull, Numerous scientific studies on the product and the individual ingredients prove that Red Bull Energy Drink increases performance, increases concentration and reaction velocity, improves vigilance, contracts metabolism, and makes you feel more energetic and thus improves you overall well-being (redbull.com).WeaknessesDespite having numerous strengths and worldwide popu larity, Red Bull steady has a few weaknesses. To begin with, Red Bull is in the above average price range of the energy drink market. Secondly, there is a substantial pretermit of innovation. Red Bull only offers a few products where as some of their competitors offer more. Third, Red Bulls recipe is not patented. This could potentially lead to another company producing a very similar or exact product with just a different name. Fourth, Red Bull is not yet a outsize corporation as they still have less than 10,000 employees (Tyagi).ThreatsThe biggest threat to Red Bull is Red Bull itself. The ingredient mix that their products book is not FDA approved. On top that, government and scientists are finding that high amounts of caffeine, sugar, and taurine are innately unhealthy and potential fatal. France and Denmark have gone to such measures as to illegalise Red Bull as a cocktail of death. High amounts of sugar have been found to cause serious health problems. A small amount of taurine, which is still a vastly unknown ingredient, is thought to be beneficial, but scientists are beginning to find health risks it causes. Red Bull energy drinks also contain a highly dangerous chemical called Glucuronolactone. The US Department of Defense developed this product during the Vietnam War as a hallucinogenic drug to stimulate troops morale. According to reports, their effects in the organism were so devastating, that is was dis come ond of the high index of cases of migraines, cerebral tumors, and liver diseases that occurred in the soldiers who consumed it (Helmi). Red Bull must carefully watch its larger competitors, Pepsi and Coca-Cola, who would like nothing more than to obtain Red Bulls consumers. Also, healthy organic energy drinks are starting to enter and become belligerent in the market (Tyagi).OpportunitiesRed Bulls greatest potential lies in its opportunities. Sales of energy drinks have taken on the energy of its products compared to a year ago. The en ergy drinks category increased 15.7 percent for $6.9 billion in sales, according to Symphony IRI Group, Chicago, for the 52 weeks ending May 15 in U.S. supermarkets, drug stores, hired gun and gismo stores and mass merchandise outlets, excluding Wal-Mart (bevindustry.com).To begin with, since they only have a few products, Red Bull has the opportunity to create new products. Second, they have an untrammeled ability to advertise and promote their brand. Currently, Red Bull is the major player in the action and outdoor sports advertising. However, if they were to continue doing that, but also enter into another market such as UFC, boxing, or even mainstream sports such as football or baseball, this would create a potentially exponential consumer base. Third, if Red Bull could partner with a popular company such as Facebook or Apple, this would create more everyday exposure via loving media (Tyagi).Marketing ObjectivesA merchandising objective is a statement of what is to be accomp lished through market activities. The goal of Red Bull is obviously increasing sales more than last year. Red Bull leads an energy drink industry so far however, Monster has been catching up greatly in the past a few years. Therefore, they need to have a trade good marketing objective to keep the position of number one seller in an energy drink industry and increasing their sales. In order to accomplish their marketing intend, they need to cover several criteria of marketing objective such as realistic, measurable, time-specific, and compared to a benchmark (redbull.com).Red Bull refused to publish their earnings, profits and specific marketing goal however, increasing their profit than past years is clear and accurate their goal of every year. They also compute their annual profit end of a year every year. In 2011, Red Bull sold 4.631 billion cans worldwide. It re incloses an increase of 11.4% against 2010. Company perturbation increased by 12.4%, from 3.785 billion Euros to 4 .253 billion Euros. Therefore, their key areas such as revenues, sales, productivity, operating profit, and the figures recorded were the best in the history of the company so far. According to industry marketing reports, The main reason for such progressive figures include exceptional sales, especially in key markets such as the USA (+11%) and Ger some (+10%) and also in other markets such as Turkey (+86%), Japan (62%), France (+35%), and Scandinavia (+34%) combined with efficient cost trouble and ongoing brand investment. The result of these figures indicate Red Bull continue increasing sales and accomplishing the goal. Red Bull is successfully growth because of their marketing plan that increasing their profit than past years and computing their annual profit end of a year are realistic, and time-specific (redbull.com).In order to increase a profit of the company, advertisement is one of very important elements. Red Bull builds up unique marketing campaigns and many different ki nd of activities such as mountain biking, snowboarding surfing, skateboarding, freestyle motocross, and Formula 1 racing. They just succeeded in the marketing campaign Red Bull Stratos. Felix Baumgartner jumped at 128,000 feet above the Earth that r to each oneed a high speed of 833.9 miles per hour. People cannot get a picture of Felix without the Red Bull logo and that is their marketing system. Red Bull considers that marketing is not just department (Chun).Their extreme sports activities contents represent the symbol of their brand therefore, they launched Red Bull Media House service. Red Bull Media House is a multi-platform media company with a focus on sports, culture and lifestyle. They provide and distribute the videos, which are precious, cool, and adventurous therefore, people are able to get thrills from the movies. The marketing plan of Red Bull Media House is reservation profit from its services. They also expect the service serve a function as an advertisement and h elp to increase sales of Red Bull. According to Red Bull founder and CEO Dietrich Mateschitz, he states, In long term, we expect that Red Bull Media House to be profitable. Therefore, their marketing objective of Red Bull media House is not clear. There is a realistic to achieve their goal when they consider long term to get profits from its Red bull media theatre services because especially the attentions from young people to extreme sports are increasing. Red Bull Media House also needs to become more popular to be profitable. Their goal is not measurable and time-specific because Dietrich just mentions Red Bull Media House will be profitable in the future. Their plan is too vague and they do not determine the date of their achievement such as December 31, 2015. However, at the same, they also consider Red Bull Media House is part of marketing content and desire that the services and the video of Red Bull Media House assist sales of Red Bull. Therefore, we can see the logotype of Red Bull on the players helmets, caps, and shirts in the movies from Red Bull Media House. They are excited to launch Red Bull Media House and provide the services even though, they might not be able to make profits the first a few years because they tend to consider the loss of profits as expenditure of marketing (Iezzi).Marketing StrategyTarget Marketing StrategyA target market is a group of individuals that is most presumable to buy a firms product based on similar characteristics, preferences, and lifestyles. From the beginning, Red Bull has preen out to associate itself with youth culture and extreme, adventure-related sports. Red Bulls target market is mainly multiplication Y, aged anywhere between 18-35, who enjoy extreme sports and an active nightlife. This active group of individuals does not respond well to the typical, classic marketing strategies of most companies. Red Bull relies heavily on a strategy that has become known as viral marketing, or word-of- tattle, to spread the popularity of the drink, rather than traditional methods. Red Bull is trying to be as close as possible to its consumers in its distribution strategy and likewise in its promotion strategy by having a street marketing strategy. They have put themselves in the center of their target market and made themselves an icon in a wide variety show of sports such as mountain biking, motocross, BMX, windsurfing, snowboarding, skateboarding, kayaking, cliff-diving, surfing, rally, Formula 1 racing, NASCAR, desert racing, and even breakdancing. This may be a wide selection, but it is great for Red Bull because each sport is focused around Generation Y, which gives them a broad fan base.Marketing MixProductRed Bull is arguably one of the most publicized and well-known organizations in the action sports community, which is phenomenal considering they essentially only have one product. This one product was the first energy drink of its kind, and has essentially remained the same ever s ince. They have added a few variations of the original, Sugar Free and Total Zero, along with Red Bull Editions that give a slight variety of flavor. Red Bull was developed specifically to increase mental and physical exertion, increase performance and concentration during times of stress, and improve reaction speed, which is where their slogan Gives You fly started (redbull.com).Place/DistributionRed Bull distributes their product through a few different distribution tunes. The first is the Direct Channel where the producer interacts with the consumer. They set up booths or have the Wings Team drive their Red Bull cars to events and hand out their product to consumers first hand. The other distribution channel is the wholesaler channel in which Red Bull sells their product to a wholesaler, who then sells it to a retailer such as gas stations and convenience stores, who then sell it to the consumer. Red Bull is also involved in the bar scene and has strict rules about mixing the ri ght drink and a bar. The barmen are instructed to give what remains in the can to the consumer to further Red Bulls visibility of the product (Louvet).PromotionRed Bulls promotion strategy began with the Wings Team, who were good-natured female students, whose role was to establish a relationship with the consumers, to have them discover the product, and see what consumer opinion was. Red Bulls first target was college campuses, because this is where they felt they could make the biggest impact, on students who were seeking an extra boost of energy. Red Bull would consult with the Student marque Manager at school to ensure that Red Bull was present at every strategic moment on the social calendar such as sporting events and big parties. The strength of Red Bull is an ability to instill a genuine passion for the brand in the Wings Team and the Student Brand Managers. Thus, these committed people are more likely to promote a good image of the brand and to have a greater positive imp act on targeted consumers (Louvet). Since this, Red Bull has expanded drastically and changed their promotion strategy.Red Bull explicitly states that they do not involve themselves in print advertising such as newspapers and magazines instead, they rely on television, social media, and outdoor media to advertise. Since 1992, Red Bull has created cheap cartoons with simple but recognizable drawings, telling funny and simple stories. These were a huge benefit for them because they were easily adaptable to markets all across the globe. Red Bull also displays outdoor media at every even possible with huge tents and exhibits, inflatable cans and arches as well as custom painted helmets, racecars, helicopters, and airplanes for all of their athletes. Social media has become Red Bulls best way of advertising. It is an easy way to get one simple picture, video, or nitty-gritty around the globe in less than a few seconds. They are famous for their viral videos, which are spread entirely by fans and followers. Red Bull authorizedly has 34.5 million likes on Facebook, 480 thousand followers on Instagram, 843 thousand followers on Twitter. With all the advances in Internet and social media Red Bull has found a perfect niche market where the consumer spreads the word faster than the producer (redbull.com).PriceRed Bull sees themselves as a high quality company that offers a high quality product, which is why they have a strict pricing policy. Their product is the most expensive amongst competitors because they are prestigious and have customer trueness (redbull.com).Implementation, Evaluation, and ControlMarketing ResearchRed Bull has managed to revolutionize the world of energy drinks. It has permeated globally and hopes to expand into even more countries. Their success can be traced to a well-established marketing plan. Since their inception into the market, Red Bull has relied on their inquiry to follow a successful path. According to Lamb, marketing research can h elp managers in several ways, it improves the quality of decision making and helps managers trace problems (pg. 292). By having a well-established marketing strategy a company can be very profitable. Red Bull has chosen to reposition themselves by targeting a specific market. They opt for targeting younger individuals involved in action sports and with a very active lifestyle. Red Bull has a very unorthodox way of marketing they rely heavily on buzz marketing or word of mouth. It is amazing that a world renowned company reached such success simply with an effective marketing strategy and by word of mouth advertising. Another concept entailed in marketing research is, the ability to understand the ever changing marketplace. This is another factor that has contributed to their success because they are aware of the changing trends, especially amongst the younger population or in other words, generation Y (redbull.com).Organizational Structure and PlanAccording to Lamb, many of the hist oric sources of competitive proceeds-technology, innovation, economies of scale-allowed companies to focus their efforts internally and prosper (pg. 7). In other words, Red Bull has been able to become successful because it has followed through the many factors that instill competitive advantage amongst other brands in the market share. Red Bull really takes into consideration the three factors that allow for a proficient organizational focus. These are customer value, customer satisfaction, and building relationships. Firstly, customer satisfaction is customers evaluation of a good or service in terms of weather it has met their needs and expectations (Lamb, pg 9). Customers that purchase Red Bull already have an opinion and know what to expect from the product. Secondly, building relationships, which is attracting new customers or withstand its current customers. Companies can expand market share in three ways attracting new customers, increasing business with existing customers , and retaining current customers (Lamb, pg. 9). Thirdly, relationship marketing, as a strategy that focuses on keeping and improving relationships with current customers. All these components contribute to customer relationship management. In which, the company designs a business model to reduce costs and increase profitability by alter customer satisfaction and loyalty. Red Bull does a great job of implementing all of the three components in maintaining a good relationship with its customers. For example, a young person who is interested in extreme sports has loyalty to the product, because Red Bull is associated with the sport and it probably sponsors the popular athletes (redbull.com).Financial ProjectionsRed Bull has made a few projections regarding its finances and advertising strategies. One of their strategies was to become more aggressive in their strategies, some were introduced at the end of the 2011 fiscal year. According to their website, In 2011, 4.631 billion cans we re sold worldwide. That is an increase of 11.4% since 2010. In all key areas such as sales, revenues, productivity and operating profit, the figures recorded were the best in the companys history so far (redbull.com). In other words, as of the end of 2011, Red Bull employed 8,294 people in 164 countries. The companys marketing plan for 2012 stated that, Market Share Red Bull anticipates through the following year to be able to increase its market share by 10%, raising it to 58% of the market share. through various media channel , Red Bull has set a goal to set itself further ahead from all competitors and build an undeniable brand loyalty among a different demographic (redbull.com).Implementation TimetableIn this section, the company implements the marketing strategy and establishes company goals. As explained previously, Red Bull hopes to generate more sales resulting from their new marketing plan. The company plans to advertise, on the web, trial, sponsorship, promotion, viral a nd on television. However, for the years to come they hope to shift their target market from young individuals to 35-65 year olds. The company also stated some goals for this year. They want to increase revenue by, the following year, Red Bull has set a goal to increase revenue by 20% $6.22 billion . By gaining customers in a new demographic, as well as releasing a revamped campaign, Red Bull believes this is possible (redbull.com). This is to say that, the company has established goals that can be attained if their marketing plan is successful. It is very likely that it can accomplish those goals, simply because even after many years, it remains the top name in energy drinks.Positives, Negatives, and RecommendationsPositivesThe worlds most recognizable and profitable energy drink Red Bull posted revenue of more than $5.1 billion in 2010, and sales of the product are continuing to increase each year. Red Bull spends an unbelievable 30-40% of their revenue on marketing. The majority of Red Bull energy drinkers are between the ages of 18-34 year old males. The drink grabbed the attention of their target user and flawlessly grew, and become the brand marketing strategy that translated into We are with you and one of you. The recent 2011-2012 focus of Red Bull energy drink is trying to increase awareness among the 35-65 crowds, both male and female. The reason for Red Bulls remarkable marketing strategy relies solemnly on the following four concepts (Andy)1. Consumer engagement through sportsmanship2. Videos of extreme athletic accomplishments posted on YouTube that go viral.3. Brand recognition through logo saturation.4. Attainment of widespread brand recognition and loyalty first among a core demographic, then building a apt bridge to achieve it.Because Red Bulls targeting audience is the Y Generations, the company has developed a Wings Team to develop and establish a relationship with the consumers and to discuss with consumers about their appreciation or diss atisfaction of the product. One of Red Bulls strategies is to be present at school events, big parties, sporting events, and school/social calendars. One of the many strengths of Red Bull is their genuine passion for their brand and consumers who are committed to their energy drinks. These committed people are likely to promote a good image of the brand and have a greater impact on targeted consumers (Louvet).NegativesEven though Red Bulls marketing strategy is proven to be the best, they are facing a negative publicity about the health risks that the drink leads to. Because of the many health risks associated with the energy drink, countries such as Denmark and France have banned the drink from their markets. The energy drink contains high level of sugar and caffeine and taurine, therefore causing a variety of health risks such as heart problems, vertigo, hallucinations, disgraced tooth enamel, and other permanent problems. Some studies that were conducted showed that the product is linked to heart disease and high blood pressure. Unfortunately, the product has not been thoroughly clinically tested as of yet. A disadvantage of Red Bull is that the product is expensive compared to other caffeinated beverages. Due to these issues, Red Bull has recently developed Red Bull Cola, which is an all-natural, containing no synthetic preservatives or flavors energy drink (Louvet).RecommendationsAs a group, we concluded that Red Bull should try to decrease their pricing in order to maintain their target market of the young generation. If the energy drink continues to increase in price, it might push the product out of its prestige position in the market. Red Bull is known for campaigning at school events, extreme sporting events, etc. but this must be kept unchanged if the product wants to continue their strategic marketing plan. For the long run of Red Bull, the company should be thinking about some ethical aspects of the product, such as the negative health risk assoc iated with the drink.

Traditional Chinese Values Or Norms Religion Essay

Traditional Chinese Values Or Norms Religion EssayChinese traditional values influence non only the Chinese but also the world. China has been civilized for five thousands years ago. It regards to be one of the earliest counties in the world who become civilization. It has the neat contribution to the world. In this long term development of China, there be numerous Chinese estimate appeared. One of the most famous and longitude philosophy is Confucianism. It shapes the Chinese traditional value and also touch on the Chinese deeply. The three Confucian who are Kongzi, Mengzi, and Xunzi, so called Ru, construct the mainstream of the Chinese fancy. Confucianism is the principle of the Chinese morality. It is begins with Confucius, whose Chinese light upon was Kong Qiu and who lived from 551 to 479 B.C.E.Confucian referred to Confucianism, the mainstream consciousness in ancient China, Since the Han period of history, Confucian becomes the vast majority of Chinas official ideolog y. It is also the general mainstream of the Chinese ideological foundation. Confucianism in China, eastern hemisphere Asia, and Southeast Asia and around the world has far-reaching impact. such(prenominal) of this idea is founded by Confucius Confucius was born in 551 B. C. in Changping Country of the Lu State. His name was Qiu and styled Zhongni. Confucius, the main points and comments, were compiled by revenue by his disciples of The Analects of Confucius.According to the Confucius, its ethical teachings include the following values Jen, Li, Hsiao, Yi, Xin, Chung where Jen is the central idea, Li, Hsiao, Yi, Xin, Chung , etc. for practice purposes. Confucian values covered different aspects. on that point are ethics, political thought, Heaven Thought, Educational Thought. All this values become the dominant religious in the feudal hunting lodge. And today most of them still abnormal humans thought. Here will list several of them showing the thought that taught by Confucius.L ets reprimand about the ethics part of Confucianism. Jen refers to the highest ideal of unifying the different ethical. It is also the highest standards of personal accomplishment. The definitions of Jen are multiple. Jen means people who are benevolent, Compassion among people. The con nonations of benevolent are anti-aggression patriotism, filial pietism, fraternal duty, loyalty, with respect and righteousness. Confucius emphasis on Jen and this value influence Chinese peoples morality.Historically speaking, our ancestors placed great emphasis on filial piety. According to Xue Er The philosopher Zeng said, Let there be a too-careful attention to perform the funeral rites to parents, and let them be followed when long gone with the ceremonies of sacrifice then the virtue of the people will resume its proper excellence. 1This means does not disgrace the name of the ancestors and always remember the teachings of their ancestors, carry forward the traditional virtues to the new g eneration. More than 2000 years ago, Zeng this remark, not only emphasis filial piety in the importance of propriety, but also tells of their ancestors to show filial piety that the right behavior.Confucius attached great importance to etiquette. According to Wei Ling Gong The get the better of said, The superior man in everything considers righteousness to be essential. He performs it according to the rules of propriety. 2 Which means everything should be courtesy. Because Chinese are seriously affected by the Confucius that everything should expect to be having etiquette.Li means pay tribute to the k instantaneouslyn. It is the scope of morality and permeates peoples daily life which embodies the peoples moral values, determine the criteria of peoples contacts and guide peoples actions. Li is the essence of milkweed butterfly and officials, hierarchy, high and low levels of equal status level is its core.Beside, the other of the traditional Chinese value is that having new gene ration is the way to show filial piety. It is a very serious that if you did not have a children in the past. It will be perceived as the non filial piety .And today such of this thought still exist in the society.Last but not the least, Traditional Chinese society is still patriarchal society, Confucianism has been the central idea of living in socio-cultural, women were not only shun the political level, the six kinds of human relations also showing the position of women is the lowest next-lun. Under the thought of the Confucius, Male are dominant the society. Male is superiority, Female seldom going to school. They should fallow the males words and respect them. The rule of them are when they are before marriage, they should result their father. After their marriage, they should obey their hundred. When they are old, they should obey their son. In the way, it can see that as a wife depend on men and always with a man as the central purpose of life. A womans only virtue can be ig nore.The values listed above are only part of the Chinese traditional values. Chinese traditional cultures have enduring value. Lin YuTang says that the Chinese people in real life, 3 Confucianism played a leading role and dominate the daily life of Chinese people. However, along with the influence of the western culture, now see that the crisis of Chinese culture, Chinas traditional idea has been replaced by the concept of the West. overly the traditional moral value has been replaced by a modern market value. Materialist has achieved in a market economy then some of our values have been less important than before.The most unequivocal tacks are Chinese people towards reputation. In ancient times, little is known about human nature, whenever lightning storm, people panic, overwhelmed, and only pray for God. They know that nature could do without human beings. Humanity has entered the scientific era, they willing to transformation and conquest of nature.4 Initially, human view go d is the biggest. Confucius fears that too much equipment and personnel caused by excessive partition of labor will destroy the natural. However, such of this concept is less important now.In order to break through a scarcity of resources, modern scientific technological transformation of nature also undermined the ecological. Humans create a more convenient and more prosperous life in expensive of the nature. Such of this thought is showed that Human does not respect nature as before. Nowadays, they think that human is the biggest in the world. It is due to the rapid technology development.In the perspective of the geomorphological functionalism, It considered that society need o perform certain functions to maintain their existence. 5 Functional theorist perceived society as an organism and each part of the society should be functioned well in order to make the process of the society healthy. In this case as people no longer regard nature to be importance but the human is. They destroy nature, because to meet human needs. The population for food and daily needs are growing and upgrading. If you do not meet their needs, it will only bring out the malfunction of the society. Therefore, at the expense of human nature, the use of technology is to make the worlds smooth operation. So, the natural thought is no longer important than before.The second value, which now declining, is the status value because of the concept of equality. In the former Patriarchal society, womens status decline, resulting in male superiority. Also it formed a men outside the home, women inside the home idea. Confucianism advocates women should have the three from the four virtues However, such of this value have been declined. In the late ordinal and early twentieth century, there were many Chinese reformers reform movement, which many put forward the concept of equality between the sexes. Position as it is to be an unprecedented increase.In the perspective of the tender conflict t heorists, they perceived the material is the root of the conflict. People who own the majority of the material will have the military force to change the value. The development of the feminist movement in modern China can be seen initial courage to challenge traditional female or more due to father and brother or husbands encouragement and support. After a hundred years time, women in political, social participation, whether in China or other countries have significantly improved and achievement, Because of the female has own the power in these aspect so the value of Male-dominated can be changed . In social conflict theory considered that the value change because of the gender conflict and the male get lose in this conflict.The third one I would like to talk about which is the less significant of the etiquette. LI is ever-present in a traditional society. Book of Rites, recorded in the ancient family rituals. For recitation, children should give greetings to their parents every morning. As we stress on the titles to our parents in order to show our respect to them. Today this trend has been change. Children even called the full name of their parents. Such of this change are affected by the western culture. The foreigner will call their parents name directly. From this aspect, we can see that the Traditional etiquette is no longer importantRegard of the symbolic interaction perspective, it focus on the interaction of the people. It focuses of the communication of each of the people. 6 In the view of this aspect the declining of the emphasis on etiquette is the result of the people interaction. Due to the influx of westerly culture, Chinese people and the West have frequent contacts. Though the contact with them to learn Western manners. The Western people are less obsessed with etiquette. For example Westerners like to address him by the name of their parents. As time goes by, such of this value become less emphasis due to the interaction of the western c ulture.In conclusion, as it can be seen from the above examples, even if some of the values remained the hearts of Chinese people. For example We will still obey our parents, to obey the teachings of elders. However, some values are no longer re-before-like influences our decision-making. Like mentioned above, we adapt the concept of destiny has been since the development of society, from a passive to an active. As before, we adapt to nature to survive, now we change it. Also, because the Wests culture shock, we do not re-used to the pursuit of etiquette. Moreover, because the concept of equality and womens rights movement began. The male-dominated Confucian concept has been greatly lowered.Ancient Confucianism far-reaching effects of traditional Chinese culture, since the Han Dynasty exclusive emphasis on Confucianism, the Confucian is convenient developed in China. It continued to affect the Chinese people. In Kuhnians words, nature science will change when the time pass. 7 It is the normal evolution of the society. Society is always progressing. If it continues using the old ideas, it will only impede economic and social development.

Becoming a Pharmacist Essay -- Health Care

Becoming a PharmacistBesides finding the right partner, many people seek the right career. It is a in truth important part of our life. In todays modern world, there is a broad spectrum of opportunities to choose from. The right choice can give us not just a source of a paycheck, but also an opportunity for advancement and academic satisfaction. There are many aspects to consider when decision making about a future career like benefits, working environment, and opportunities for advancement. Perhaps the most important quality is a feeling of the highest personal accomplishment. The medical cogitation offers many different opportunities, and one of them is a career in pharmacy. The pharmacy field has been evolving for millennia, and it shaped into modern science. The career in the pharmacy requires several old age of a extensive study and dedication, but all the hard work is greatly rewarded at the end. The Pharmacy field has a long history. First pharmaceutical rituals were reco rded in Egypt 3600 B.C. In Ancient Greece, it was Hippocrates who dismissed the rituals, and started treating diseases with his pharmaceutical preparations. In Rome, Galen was the first the put the drugs in categories based on their action (Wood, p. 220). Arabian pharmacists confused pharmacies from the medicine field between 700 1000 A.D. First pharmacy rules were created by the German Emperor Frederick II between 1224-1240. In sixteenth century Swiss physician Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim suggests treating diseases on chemical principle. From this point on, pharmacy was recognized as medicinal chemistry. The revolution of discoveries started in the nineteenth century. The clenched fist drug mill and the fist pill machine were developed. German pharmacist Serturne... ...ers. New York. Paw Prints, 2008. Print.Ganachari, M.S. Shah, P.S.Zalavadia, N.M. Pharmacist A crucial part of clinical Research. Journal of Pharmacy Research. 2010. Vol.3(3), p.444, Peer Reviewed Journal. Miller, H. The FDA actively Regulates Drug Safety. The Pharmaceutical Industry. Ed. Carroll, J. Farmington Hills. Greenhaven Press. 2009. p. 75-76. Print.Turning Points in World History Great Medical Discoveries. Ed. Shane, C.J. Farmington Hills. Greenhaven Press. 2004. p. 118-133.UAMS College of Pharmacy. PCAT Prep Program. University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences. n. d. Web. April 4, 2012.University of Florida. Distance-Learning Models. n.d. Web. April 4, 2012Wood C. A History of meliorate Therapies Western, Eastern, and Alternative Approaches. CHOICE Current Reviews for Academic Libraries, Oct, 2010, Vol.48(2), p.219-224(11) Essay. April 2, 2012

Medieval Art in a Modern World Essay -- Essays Papers

Medieval Art in a Modern WorldWhen I was looking at different works of art from the Middle Ages in the Metropolitan Museum of Art (medieval wing), one in particular caught my attention. Entitled Plaque with the agony and the Stabbing of Hades, this piece embodies life and death, mirth and defeat, divinity and humanity. Carved in ivory, this plaque, depicting the Passion of Christ with an allusion to Hades (god of the underworld), is from the mid-tenth century, or Middle Byzantine era, and was made in Constantinople. The plaque depicts the death of Christ as a triumph over Hades and thus presents a victory for mans salvation. Centered in the plaque is Christs limp body, his head pause low to the right, arms outstretched, and knees slightly bent. On the left side of the plaque is Mary, Jesus mother, mourning the death of her son, the Messiah. On the other side is John the Baptist, also in mourning. Beneath Christs feet are three Roman soldiers, shown dividing his garment. Mary, Joh n, and the soldiers are many times portrayed as the main witnesses of Jesus woeful for his mercy on humanity. To the immediate left and right of Christ are two angels waiting to escort their Lord back to heaven. Its title is self-descriptive. The plaque itself is ardent in representation and represents more generally the religious devotion present in the medieval period. Since Christianity was a very large part of medieval society, the Crucifixion was a central theme in Go...

The Founder of Pop Art: Andy Warhol :: essays research papers fc

The Founder of Pop Art Andy WarholAndy Warhol is the god father of Pop Art. His window advertisements were the beginning of an date where art would be seen in an array of forms away from the traditional paintings and sculptures of the old world. His love of bright colors and bold patters along with his quirky personality pave the way for his successful career as a major figure in the pop art movement.Warhol was born in 1930, in the town of McKeesport, Pennsylvania. His parents were Czechoslovakian immigrants. After his father died, Andy was forced to support his family through odd jobs. He worked his way through Carnegie Tech., Pittsburgh where he studied commercial art. After graduation, Warhol moved to newborn York where he launched a successful career as an illustrator.He began producing Pop pictures in 1960 with flora based on Popeye, Nancy and Dick Tracy comics. These archaeozoic works were branch shown as back drops for department store windows and were painted in loosel y brushed style based on Abstract Expressionism. Warhols first works using comic material tended to soften hard professional gestures and aggressive vocabulary of the texts and images. Warhol countered the scrupulous accuracy of the original genre with imprecision and deliberate error. In doing so, he soiled the comic strips narrow-minded ideological and decorative purity.Andy Warhols next series, depicting the mass-produced goods of Compels Soup cans and Coke bottles, captured the clean-edged look of commercially manufacture objectives and made him famous. He also turned his art into mass produced objects. At the time many critics were up in arms over the banal offspring matter. Abstract Expressionists were also angry at losing their place in the art market to a young upstart commercial artist. Campbells soup had a special significance to Warhol because it was his favorite meal as a child his mother fed it to him at every lunchtime. Suddenly a bland object became art. Warhols imag es summed up the spirit of his society and times- from Marilyn Monroe to Chairman Zedong. The silk- screened image became a format Warhol used for many years. He became well known in the early sixties for his many Marilyn silk-screens, of Marilyn Monroe, and for is used of the Campbells soup cans. His silk screened works would often use repeated imagery to render the subjects simply another artistic element. This distinction silk screens and soup cans, simple as they may seem became the back bone of the pop art world, and are recognized more than any others as a Warhol work.